340B – NASH | National Alliance of Safety-Net Hospitals

Court Rejects 340B Cuts

January 10, 2019/0 Comments/in 340b, private safety-net hospitals /by Joseph Steinbock

A federal court has ruled that the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services overstepped its authority in reducing Medicare payments for prescription drugs covered by the section 340B prescription drug discount program.

While the court conceded that CMS has the authority to address 340B payments, it found that CMS’s drastic payment cuts, introduced in FY 2018, “…fundamentally altered the statutory scheme established by Congress…” for determining 340B payment rates.

The court suggested that CMS either change its methodology for determining 340B payments to justify the specific cuts it proposes or raise its objections with Congress, which created the program and has the authority to change it.

According to documents submitted to the court by the parties that filed the suit, eligible hospitals have seen their 340B payments reduced $1.6 billion since the cuts began in FY 2018. The court asked the federal government and those who filed the suit to suggest remedies for compensating participating hospitals for their losses.

The ruling has major implications for the country’s private safety-net hospitals, most of which participate in the 340B program.

Learn more about the 340B litigation, the court’s ruling, and its impact in the New York Times story “Court Rejects Trump’s Cuts in Payments for Prescription Drugs.”

Hospitals Ask Congress to Protect 340B Program

October 10, 2018/0 Comments/in 340b, private safety-net hospitals /by NASNH Administrator

The leaders of more than 700 hospitals and health systems have written to congressional leaders to ask them to protect the section 340B prescription drug discount program.

The letter states that

We are concerned about recent regulatory actions that have reduced the reach of this vital program and by legislative proposals that would undo more than two decades of bipartisan work to preserve the health care safety net.

The letter explains that

In 2015, 340B hospitals provided $26 billion in uncompensated and unreimbursed care to low-income and rural patients in need. That represented 60 percent of all such care delivered in the U.S. even though our hospitals comprise only 38 percent of all acute care hospitals operating in our country. Because of the savings from 340B, we are able to offer vital but often money-losing services including obstetrics, trauma care, opioid addiction treatment, and HIV/AIDS care. In many rural communities, 340B savings are the difference between hospitals staying open and closing. We do all of this without using taxpayer dollars.

And

Efforts to reduce the scope of the 340B program would not reduce the cost of prescription drugs in the U.S. and would weaken nonprofit hospitals’ ability to serve patients who often have nowhere else to turn.

NAUH has long advocated protecting the 340B program, writing to Congress to express this view on many occasions, and most recently, earlier this year.

Go here to see the complete letter from the more than 700 hospitals and health systems.

New Reg Pushes Medicare Toward Site-Neutral Outpatient Payments

July 27, 2018/0 Comments/in 340b, Medicare, Medicare regulations /by NASNH Administrator

Medicare would make more payments for outpatient services on a site-neutral basis under a newly proposed regulation just released by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

The 2019 Medicare outpatient prospective payment system regulation, published in proposal form, calls for:

paying physician fee schedule rates rather than hospital outpatient rates at excepted off-campus provider-based departments;
slashing payments for office visits;
extending this year’s 340B prescription drug discount payments, already cut nearly 30 percent this year, to additional providers; and
raising ambulatory surgical center rates and expanding the list of procedures that can be performed in such facilities so they can compete with hospitals for outpatient services.

The proposed regulation also calls for reducing quality reporting requirements and giving providers financial incentives to prescribe non-opioid pain medicine for surgery patients.

The regulation, which would affect provider payments beginning on January 1, 2019, was published in proposed form and will be finalized later in the year. Stakeholders have until September 24 to submit comments to CMS. For further information about what CMS has proposed, see this CMS fact sheet outlining the proposed regulation and the 761-page proposed regulation itself.

GAO Recommends Changes in Oversight of 340B Program

July 3, 2018/0 Comments/in 340b, private safety-net hospitals /by NASNH Administrator

The federal Government Accountability Office is recommending that the Department of Health and Human Services improve its oversight of the 340B prescription drug discount program.

That program was created by Congress to help safety-net providers obtain discounts on prescription drugs they dispense to low-income patients on an outpatient basis. Those discounts are provided by pharmaceutical companies and not paid for with taxpayer money.

The 340B program has been controversial in recent years, and in response to a request from Congress for the GAO to look into the contract pharmacies that operate the 340B programs for many safety-net providers, the GAO performed an examination of the program.

Its review identified several weaknesses in the manner that HHS’s Health Resources and Services Administration oversees the program.

HRSA audits do not fully assess compliance with the 340B Program prohibition on duplicate discounts for drugs prescribed to Medicaid beneficiaries. Specifically, manufacturers cannot be required to provide both the 340B discount and a rebate through the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program. However, HRSA only assesses the potential for duplicate discounts in Medicaid fee-for-service and not Medicaid managed care. As a result, it cannot ensure compliance with this requirement for the majority of Medicaid prescriptions, which occur under managed care.
HRSA requires covered entities that have noncompliance issues identified during an audit to assess the full extent of noncompliance. However, because HRSA does not require all the covered entities to explain the methodology they used for determining the extent of the noncompliance, it does not know the scope of the assessments and whether they are effective at identifying the full extent of noncompliance.
HRSA does not require all covered entities to provide evidence that they have taken corrective action and are in compliance with program requirements prior to closing the audit. Instead, HRSA generally relies on each covered entity to self-attest that all audit findings have been addressed and that the entity came into compliance with 340B Program requirements.

To address these concerns, the GAO recommends that the HRSA administrator:

require covered entities to register contract pharmacies for each site of the entity for which a contract exists
issue guidance to covered entities on the prevention of duplicate discounts under Medicaid managed care, working with CMS as HRSA deems necessary to coordinate with guidance provided to state Medicaid programs
incorporate an assessment of covered entities’ compliance with the prohibition on duplicate discounts, as it relates to Medicaid managed care claims, into its audit process after guidance has been issued and ensure that identified violations are rectified by the entities
issue guidance on the length of time covered entities must look back following an audit to identify the full scope of noncompliance identified during the audit
require all covered entities to specify their methodology for identifying the full scope of noncompliance identified during the audit as part of their corrective action plans, and incorporate reviews of the methodology into their audit process to ensure that entities are adequately assessing the full scope of noncompliance
require all covered entities to provide evidence that their corrective action plans have been successfully implemented prior to closing audits, including documentation of the results of the entities’ assessments of the full scope of noncompliance identified during each audit. The Administrator of HRSA should provide more specific guidance to covered entities regarding contract pharmacy oversight, including the scope and frequency of such oversight

Private safety-net hospitals typically participate in the 340B program and consider it an essential tool in the work they do serving the low-income residents of their communities.

Go here to see highlights from the report and here to see Drug Discount Program: Federal Oversight of Compliance at 340B Contract Pharmacies Needs Improvement, the full GAO report.

NAUH Endorses 340B Bill

June 14, 2018/0 Comments/in 340b, private safety-net hospitals /by NASNH Administrator

In a letter to the leaders of the House Energy and Commerce Committee, NAUH has endorsed H.R. 6071, the Stretching Entity Resources for Vulnerable Communities Act (SERV), which was introduced earlier this week by Representative Doris Matsui (D-CA).

H.R. 6071 seeks to clarify the intent of the 340B prescription drug discount program and restore $1.6 billion in funding that was eliminated from the program effective January 1.

See NAUH’s letter to the House Energy and Commerce Committee here.

S&P: 340B Cuts Will Hurt

June 5, 2018/0 Comments/in 340b, private safety-net hospitals /by NASNH Administrator

Payment cuts in the 340B prescription drug program will most likely hurt hospital financial performance, and among those most likely to be hurt are DSH hospitals, small hospitals, and rural hospitals.

These are among the conclusions in a report recently issued by S&P Global Ratings.

The report concludes that

…the impact of the cuts to the 340B Drug Pricing Program on not-for-profit hospitals that rely on 340B drug savings will likely weaken their operating performance at a time of already tightening margins.

Effective the beginning of 2018, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services cut the 340B program 16 percent, or $1.6 billion, reducing the reimbursement 340B-eligible hospitals receive for dispensing prescription drugs on an outpatient basis to eligible patients.

The hospitals most affected, according to S&P, are those that

…depend more on the margin they receive from 340B medications to sustain their bottom line and overall financial profiles. In these cases, cuts to the program are likely to further stress already-constrained operating performance, adding to financial pressure and possible negative rating actions.

Most private safety-net hospitals participate in the 340B program and will be affected by the recent cut. NAUH conveyed to CMS its opposition to the cut when it was proposed last fall and earlier this year asked Congress to intervene and reverse it.

Learn more about the possible financial impact on hospitals of recent 340B payment cuts in this S&P Global report.

The 340B Issue Explained

May 17, 2018/0 Comments/in 340b, private safety-net hospitals /by NASNH Administrator

The section 340B prescription drug discount program has grown increasingly controversial in recent years.

The program, established in the 1990s to help hospitals with the cost of the prescription drugs they provide to low-income patients on an outpatient basis, has grown considerably since its inception. Pharmaceutical companies argue that it is too large, that it contributes to the growing cost of prescription drugs, and that hospitals are not using the savings they reap from the program to serve more low-income patients, as was envisioned when Congress created the program.

Eligible providers, on the other hand, note that much of the program’s growth was mandated by Congress and that 340B continues to serve its original purpose of helping hospitals serve low-income outpatients while using the savings the program generates to provide even further assistance to low-income patients.

Recent federal efforts to address some of these issues have satisfied neither side.

Most private safety-net hospitals participate in the 340B program and consider it to be a vital tool in helping them serve their communities.

The Vox news web site has published an article that describes the program and outlines both sides of the argument. Find it here.

New 340B Bill Proposed

May 4, 2018/0 Comments/in 340b, Medicare disproportionate share, Medicare DSH /by NASNH Administrator

A new bill introduced in the House seeks to bring greater transparency to the controversial 340B prescription drug discount program.

Under H.R.5598, proposed by Rep. Earl “Buddy” Carter (R-GA), hospitals would be required to report the outpatient care they provide to low-income patients in both their main hospital and at pediatric care sites. Hospitals already separately report the inpatient care they provide to such patients.

According to Representative Carter,

I introduced this legislation today because I believe the 340B program is very important, but it needs to be improved. 340B is an outpatient program and currently hospitals do not have to report low-income utilization in outpatient settings. This legislation adds an additional layer of transparency to allow us to better understand the patient makeup of DSH hospitals to improve the program and ensure it is truly being used in the most effective way for our nation’s most vulnerable patients.

The 340B program provides discounts to qualified hospitals when they dispense drugs on an outpatient basis to low-income patients. All Medicare disproportionate share (Medicare DSH) hospitals, along with other providers that meet formal criteria, qualify to participate in the program. All NAUH members participate in the 340B program.

Learn more about the bill from this news release from Representative Carter or see the bill itself.

New Bill Proposes Greater 340B Accountability

March 5, 2018/0 Comments/in 340b, Medicare, Medicare regulations, private safety-net hospitals /by NASNH Administrator

A new bill proposed last week by Senator Chuck Grassley (R-IA) seeks to foster greater accountability among participants in the federal government’s section 340B prescription drug discount program.

The three-page bill is called the Ensuring the Value of the 340B Program Act of 2018, and according to a news release from the senator, its purpose is to require

…participating hospitals to report the total acquisition costs for drugs collected through the 340B program, as well as revenues received from all third party papers for those same drugs.

The 340B program provides discounts on prescription drugs dispensed on an outpatient basis to hospitals that qualify for participation based on how many low-income patients they serve.

Grassley’s proposal is the fourth 340B bill introduced in Congress in recent months as the program continues to draw attention from lawmakers.

Virtually all private safety-net hospitals participate in the 340B program and consider it an essential tool in serving the large numbers of low-income patients in the communities in which they are located.

Go here to see Grassley’s news release about his proposal and here to see the bill itself.

340B on the Move?

February 5, 2018/0 Comments/in Medicare, private safety-net hospitals /by NASNH Administrator

Consider moving the section 340B prescription drug discount program from the Health Resources and Services Administration to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services.

That was the message in a recent letter from Senate Finance Committee chairman Orrin Hatch to new Secretary of Health and Human Services Alex Azar.

In his letter, Senate Hatch observes that

HRSA lacks the necessary regulatory authority to oversee the 340B program. The agency only has the authority to regulate in three areas, which include establishing an alternative dispute resolution process, imposing civil monetary penalties against manufacturers who knowingly overcharge covered entities, and calculating the 340B ceiling price. Even so, it has not fully implemented these regulations. HRSA audits covered entities for program eligibility, duplicate discounts, and diversion. However, HRSA rarely audits manufacturers to ensure compliance with the ceiling price and conducts fewer than 200 audits of covered entities each year. The limited audits HRSA did conduct reveal high-levels of non-compliance by covered entities. This is disconcerting, given that, with relatively few dedicated staff, by 2021 HRSA will be responsible for providing oversight for over $20 billion in drug sales.

To address this challenge, Senator Hatch suggests that

With the limited statutory authority and concern that HRSA lacks adequate resources, HHS should consider whether CMS is better suited for 340B program administration, all or in part. Many determinants of 340B eligibility and other operational program details are linked to Medicare and Medicaid program components. CMS has extensive experience directly interacting with hospitals and drug manufacturers, including ensuring they meet participation requirements and conduct audits. Additionally, HHS already works with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to report charity care to Congress. This makes HHS more capable of tracking how covered entities use 340B savings.

In his letter, Senator Hatch also posed a number of 340B-related questions to Secretary Azar and requested a response to the Senate Finance Committee by February 26.

The 340B program has become controversial in recent years and has been the subject of considerable congressional scrutiny. Currently, Congress is considering several bills to alter the program in different ways.

Virtually all private safety-net hospitals participate in the 340B program and consider it an essential tool in their efforts to serve their predominantly low-income communities.

Read Senator Hatch’s entire 340B letter to HHS Secretary Azar here.

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